WESTSIDE/EASTSIDE STORY

Pathways of Exposure at the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard — view from an unfortified chain metal fence line separating a neighborhood with the cities largest childhood population from the radiation and chemical contaminated regions of the southern shoreline.

Hunters Point Biomonitoring Detects Maternal /Child Transmission of Radioactive Metals in Simultaneously Collected Urinary Screenings.

Prepared for the Scientific Guidance Panel — Biomonitoring California July 16, 2021

Interactions and passage of heavy metals between the maternal circulation and the fetus through the placenta. The placenta acts as a filter to block the passage of harmful chemicals to protect the fetus from exposure to pollutants. The placental barrier is not impermeable and heavy metals have been detected in placental tissues, amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood.

“The heavy metals mercury, lead and cadmium are toxicants, which are well known to cross the placenta and accumulate in fetal tissues. Prenatal exposure to mercury and lead poses a health threat to the developing brain. Fetal exposures to lead and cadmium correlate with reduced birth weight and birth size.” Heavy Metals and Placental Fetal-Maternal Barrier— Caserta et al - European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences

Biomonitoring research on the effects of perinatal exposure to toxic heavy metals has been conducted in recent years. Most studies rely on analysis of umbilical cord blood, amniotic fluid or breast milk using mass spectrometry. Mass spec is an analytic tool capable of sorting multiple molecules in a sample by determining the exact mass to charge ratio (m/z) and molecular weight of each.

This is called aggregate analysis and the 1993 National Human Exposure Assessment Survey (NHEXAS) was the first large scale human biomonitoring program to incorporate complex measurement studies documenting population distributions of exposure to “high-risk target chemicals” including metals, VOCs and pesticides.

Phase I NHEXAS studies — sponsored by the EPA’s Office of Research and Development- addressed important scientific issues including patterns of exposure by demographic group, the identification of “high exposure” groups and the impact of diet and activity in exposure over time.

An Overview of the National Human Exposure Assessment Survey

Mass spec is an analytic technique in which atoms or molecules are ionized using a high energy electron beam and then separated based on their mass to charge ratios. The results are presented as a mass spectrum which shows the relative abundances of the ions on the y-axis and their m/z ratios on the x-axis. Calculating the exact mass of multiple molecules in a sample allows scientist to precisely identify each one. This is called aggregate analysis. The Khan Academy is a nonprofit organization with the mission of providing a free, world class education for anyone, anywhere. https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-chemistry-beta/x2eef969c74e0d802:atomic-structure-and-properties/x2eef969c74e0d802:mass-spectrometry-of-elements/v/mass-spectromery

Research published in the July 2011 issue of Neurotoxicology examined the adverse impacts of prenatal exposure to five heavy metals on neurobehavioral development in 1652 maternal-infant pairs in Shanghai, China. The detection of increased levels of cadmium, mercury, arsenic and thallium in cord blood was associated with decreased scores on Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessments. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21664460/]

Cord blood concentrations of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (CD), arsenic (As) and thallium (TL) were stratified by exposure level. The median blood concentrations of all five toxicants were deemed safe except arsenic. High level exposures that exceeded median concentrations for Hg, Cd and TL were associated with lower NBNA scores. Lower NBNA scores were seen for arsenic at all exposure levels.

The Hunters Point Naval Shipyard ranks at the top of the National Priorities List of contaminated federal Superfund sites following decades of commercial and industrial use as “The world’s greatest shipping yard.” In 1946 the United States Naval Radiological Defense Laboratories established a radiation research campus on the southern shore of the shipyard that includes a 46 acre industrial landfill. The southern shoreline drains into the South Basin of San Francisco Bay and travels westward in a channel of water called Yosemite Slough that extends within half a mile from a residential neighborhood, Bayview Park, MLK swimming pool, the Southeast Health Center and a high volume McDonalds fast food restaurant.

In contrast with conventional human biomonitoring research methods, this case presentation documents the matching profile body burden of radioactive metals detected in simultaneous screenings of a mother and child… born three years after the mother relocated five miles west away from the contaminated region.

The Hunters Point Community Biomonitoring Program offers a multimedia chronicle of known environmental impacts that adversely impact the life of a woman who grew up in three high risk neighborhoods within 0.5 miles of a federal Superfund system in heavily industrialized southeast San Francisco.

The Historical Radiological Assessment Volume II details GRAM use at the Hunters Point Shipyard. The final HRA was published in August of 2004. The transfer of shipyard Parcel A began in January of 2004 when the Chronicle reports speaker Nancy Pelosi “strong armed’ the transfer of the property over concerns by military leaders that it was too radiation contaminated for residential development.

In June of 2021 she underwent biomonitoring evaluation and urinary toxic exposure screening conducted by the Hunters Point Community Biomonitoring Program and processed by Genova Diagnostics — a certified laboratory.

The Genova Diagnostics Comprehensive Urine Elements Profile screening is a low cost, simple to process test kit that can be easily collected at the point of community or occupational exposure. It is capable of detecting 35 toxic and nutrient elements with a 10 day turn around upon receipt of the biologic sample shipped by FedEx delivery.

The Comprehensive Urine Elements Profile test (CUEP) detected high normal elevations in arsenic, nickel and copper and toxic levels of thallium, tin, uranium, manganese and vanadium — along with deficiencies in essential nutrient elements needed for optimum immune and musculoskeletal function.

Uranium was detected in a concentration almost double the maximum allowable for the reference concentration:

Demolition, remediation, excavation and development on a contaminated federal Superfund site complicated by radioactive soil fraud exposes a nearby community to toxic metals and radioactive elements that are being detected by the Hunters Point Community Biomonitoring Program. Manganese and vanadium have been detected universally in urinary screenings conducted on residents and workers within a one mile buffer zone.

All of the toxins detected in her urine have cancer risks, hazard indices and preliminary remediation goals set by the US EPA in 2002 and are identified as chemicals and radionuclides of concern by the US Navy and known to be present in soils, landfills and groundwater at the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard and Yosemite Slough federal Superfund sites . On July 1, 2005 demolition and deconstruction began on Lennar Corp.’s Hunters Point Naval Shipyard Parcel A, a $100 million development expected to create 1,200 homes and 80,000 square feet of commercial space.

Between 2006 and 2007 an estimated 1.2 million tons of serpentinite rock was graded from the Hunters Point hilltop overlooking the shipyard to make way for the controversial mixed development plan that remains a historic subject of fierce community divide.

For decades residents of Bayview Hunters Point complained of asthma and environmentally linked cancers and chronic illness many believed to be caused by direct exposure to contaminants documented by both the Navy and EPA to be present at the decommissioned naval base once called “the world’s greatest shipping yard.”

www.greenaction.org

In 1995 Department of Public Health Investigators identified a cluster of breast cancer in 60 African American women- many of whom were under the age of 50. According to Jennifer Mann, an environmental and cancer epidemiologist, studies showed breast cancer mortality rates for African American women in Bayview were 82% higher than for white women in the Bay Area.[https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/High-Rates-in-Bayview-Hunters-Point-3023861.php][https://www.sfdph.org/dph/files/reports/StudiesData/DiseaseInjury/bvhuntca.pdf]

Hope and “Faith/Black survivors of breast cancer share inspirational stories in Bayview Calendar. The Bayview Imani Breast Cancer Support Group emerged in 1999. A 2002 calendar featuring photos and stories of 24 breast cancer survivors is called “Faith” Margie is Ms. June.

In 2004 the Environmental Health Division of the San Francisco Department of Public Health documented a surge in hospitalizations for adult and childhood asthma, emphysema and congestive heart failure in the 94124 zip code incorporatingBayview Hunters Point.

The 2007 Bay Area Air Quality Management District Report Card found air pollution in the 94124 zip code ranked in the high 80th percentile for particulates, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds and in the 90th percentile for sulfur dioxide.

Greater than 20 tons a year of particulate matter emissions, hundreds of hazardous waste sites and over 150 brownfield properties in Bayview Hunters Point Zip Code 94124

The EPA Office of Air & Radiation identifies particulate matter as a mixture of microscopic solids and droplets suspended in air containing diesel soot, acids, allergens, chemicals and cancer causing heavy metals bound to fine particles. In neighborhoods adjacent to the shipyard these airborne soils are volatilized by deep excavations of radiation contaminated soils at a property on the National Priorities List with one of the nations highest hazard ranking scores and an exhaustive list of contaminants catalogued by the EPA.

Full List of Contaminants — Hunters Point Naval Shipyard/Superfund Site Profile/Superfund Site Information/US EPA

Deep soil excavations on a federal Superfund site at the fence line on the Hunters Point hilltop.

Particulate exposure is linked to increased infant mortality rates and by 2007 infant mortality rates in the 94124 zip code increased from 12.5 per 1000 live births to 15 per 1000 — across all ethic groups in Bayview Hunters Point. [https://asumchai.medium.com/establishing-medical-necessity-for-implementation-of-a-human-biomonitoring-program-at-the-hunters-ca6c04a413c5]

Serpentine soils contain high concentrations of heavy metals including chromium, iron, cobalt and nickel along with the fibrous mineral chrysotile asbestos. More importantly the excavation of tons of serpentinite rock beginning in 2006 and resumed in June of 2020 generates fine particulates linked to a spectrum of cardiopulmonary diseases and increased infant mortality rates.

She’s the Boss: The Disturbing Truth About Nancy Pelosi by Rochelle Schweizeer has four out of five star reviews on Amazon.com

“In order to speed up the process to have the lagging US Navy turn the property over to San Francisco, Pelosi used John Murtha, the powerful ranking Democrat on the House military appropriations committee, who did her bidding to press to have the Navy sign a binding agreement for the deal on a specific date.” [https://sanfrancisco.newsplus007.com]

“In early 2004, Murtha leaned on US Navy officials to sign a contract to transfer the Hunters Point Shipyard to the City , according to the San Francisco Chronicle. A company called Lennar, Inc. had right to the land, and Laurence Pelosi, nephew to House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.) was an executive with the firm at that time.” [https://www.i-club.com/forums/teh-politics-forum-114/when-will-murtha-investigated-138096/]

The unfortified fence line separating the radiation contaminated southern shoreline of the Hunters Point Shipyard from a residential community 0.5 miles west. The building in the backdrop is the radiation contaminated enlisted men’s quarters.

From 1990–2000 she lived with her Mother on Revere Avenue within 0.5 miles of the radiation contaminated shoreline of the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard. On that nearby shoreline is sited the campus of the US Naval Radiological Defense Laboratories. Building 815 operated as main headquarters for the NRDL from 1955 to 1969 and can be seen from the terminal end of Revere Avenue where she lived for almost a decade.

View of Building 815 situated on Crisp Road at its juncture with the heavily contaminated southern shoreline. This photo is taken from a simple chain metal fence separating dense residential neighborhoods, parks, playgrounds and other sensitive receptors to the west from the shipyards southwestern panhandle region.

Revere Avenue at Ingalls Street is within 500 feet of the radiation contaminated southern shoreline of the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard and the Parcel E-2 landfill — federal Superfund properties.

Building 815 is the windowless iconic historical remnant of NRDL operations from 1946–1969. The six story building contained laboratories and administrative offices. The Atomic Energy Commission allowed NRDL scientists to pour effluents of radioactive waste into laboratory drains and to dump radioactive objects and irradiated animal carcasses into a 46 acre industrial landfill called Parcel E-2 on the shoreline. On a hot day in August 2000 the landfill erupted into multicolored flames and was not fully extinguished for months. An ATSDR report concluded volatile organic compounds including benzene and elevated levels of manganese were detected in air monitoring conducted over 30 days after the landfill fire erupted.

Fence line at Revere Avenue east of Ingalls Street separating the radiation contaminated Parcel E-2 shoreline and industrial landfill from residences within 500 feet according to Google maps. There are no dust barriers and the dangerous shoreline can be easily accessed by the public via breaks in the chain metal fence line at the north shore of Yosemite Slough.

The heavily contaminated southern shoreline of the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard drains into the South Basin and travels west toward the residential neighborhood via a horizontal channel of water called Yosemite Slough. In 2016 it was designated a federal Superfund site by the EPA. The subject of this case report lived in three locations less than a mile from this shoreline from 1990 to 2006.

In 2000 she moved to live with family on the Hunters Point hilltop overlooking the Superfund sites and in 2001 gave birth to a daughter. In 2002 she moved to Gilman Avenue south of Yosemite Slough where she lived with her first child until 2006.

Google Earth aerial view of Hunters Point Naval Shipyard southern shoreline, South Basin and Yosemite Slough. The chemical and radiation contaminated shoreline is designated Parcel E-2 and includes an industrial landfill. Gilman playground marks Gilman Avenue where our subject lived with her oldest child for four years.

US Navy Remediation Document Parcel F Feasibility Study documents extent of radiation contamination of the southern shoreline.

In 2006 she married and moved five miles west to Holloway Avenue near San Francisco State University. Three years later she and her husband welcomed a son…a small for gestational age special needs child with global disabilities and neurodevelopmental delays. At age 12, he is underweight, requires a feeding tube and relys on a rescue inhaler five times a day for poorly controlled asthma. Additionally he suffers from a spectrum of allergies and food sensitivities. He was breast fed for a year and is intolerant of dairy, nuts and gluten. A feeding jejunostomy tube was surgically installed as a result of his cachexia that was complicated by post-surgical infections.

Using the advanced EPA mapping tool EJScreen to analyze environmental indicators at the Holloway Avenue residence the major environmental impacts are determined to be proximity to traffic and lead based paint. Traffic proximity exceeds the 95th percentile for the US population south of Holloway Avenue however, hazardous waste sites and Superfund proximity are not major impacts on the cities westside.

Additionally, a unit in the apartment building where mother and child live was cited by the San Francisco Department of Public Health for health code violations due to indoor mold. Exposure to indoor mold can trigger allergies, asthma, chronic cough,colds and CNS disturbances.

Traffic proximity and lead based paint exposure are determined to be major environmental impacts using the EPA EJScreen.

In June of 2021, her 12 year old son underwent biomonitoring evaluation and urinary toxic exposure testing. The screening was remarkable in its detection of a profile of heavy metals that closely matched or exceeded the body burden of chemicals detected in his mother. Arsenic was detected in both mother and child at 30ug/g.

The radioactive metal uranium was detected in an alarming concentration five times higher than allowable for the reference population. The detection of uranium in concentrations double the concentration of the mother suggests bioaccumulation the result of prolonged exposure from breast feeding and/or intrauterine transmission.

Urinary toxic exposure screening conducted on 12 year old special needs child with global developmental delays, allergic asthma and environmental sensitivities. Note the match in profile elements detected in mother and son. Arsenic is detected in both in concentrations of 30 ug/g [50 ug/g is TMPL]. Cesium, rubidium and thallium and copper are detected in high normal concentrations while tin, tungsten, manganese and vanadium are toxic. Uranium is detected in a concentration five times higher than maximum allowable levels and manganese exceeds the upper limit of the reference range.

“Although breastfeeding of infants is recommended globally, the fact that maternal toxic metal stores are mobilized into breast milk implies infants, whose mothers live or work in mining [or industrial] communities, are at risk of multiple exposures to toxic metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium and arsenic through breast milk intake, in addition to in utero exposure.” Cross-Sectional Assessment of Infants’ Exposure to Toxic Metals Through Breast Milk. Bansa et al — BMC Public Health Article number:505(2017)

Breast milk can transfer harmful chemicals but is still the healthiest food source for infants.

Breast feeding transmits nutrients and transfers immunity from mother to offspring…and acts as a pathway of exposure to the body burden of maternal toxins. For decades medical scientists have detected traces of heavy metals in breast milk disturbing because these toxicants are being transferred to infants who lack immunity.

Cai and Wang found a reduced offspring body weight and survival rate in offspring of female mice exposed by airway or oral routes to nanoparticles of heavy metals.

The use of biomonitoring in toxicological assessment of mother and offspring during lactation was studied in mice by Cai and Wang who found a reduced body weight and survival rate in breastfed offspring of mice exposed to nanoparticles of heavy metals. Exposure via the airway route led to greater tissue injury and elicited an aberrantly high immune response.

Maternal exposure to environmental toxins is one of the biggest causes of growth retardation and developmental delays in children. The Navajo Birth Cohort Study examined levels of uranium in mothers and their children by testing urine samples of newborns in the Navajo Nation. They found high uranium levels despite the fact uranium mining and processing has been banned on Navajo nation Land for over 15 years. According to Dr. Loretta Christensen, “Neurodevelopment delays were apparent on testing by ten months of age.”

[https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/2020–6-november-december/feature/uanium-widows-navajo-country]

“Among them, 26% had concentrations of uranium that exceeded levels found in the highest 5% of the U.S. population, and newborns with equally high concentrations continued to be exposed to uranium during their first year.” Loretta Christensen — Chief Medical Officer — Navajo Nation for Indian Health Service

“ We’ve also found that looking at neurodevelopmental screening in the first year of life, is that these children have slower development in many of the domains that are tested, and they see this really at 10 months of age is where it’s pretty obvious. Another concern is that there seems to be an increase in autism spectrum disorder.” Doctor Discusses Research Showing High Levels Of Uranium in Navajo Women and Babies

“About a quarter of Navajo women and infants who were part of federally funded study on uranium exposure had high levels of the radioactive metal in their systems, decades after mining for Cold War weaponry ended on their reservation, a U.S. health official Monday. The early findings from the University of New Mexico study were shared during a congressional hearing in Albuquerque. Dr. Loretta Christensen — Chief Medical Officer on the Navajo Nation for Indian Health Service said 781 women were screened during an initial phase of the study that ended in 2018.” [US Official: Research finds uranium in Navajo women and babies. https://apnews.com/article/334124280ace4b36beb6b8d58c328ae3]

Laboratory experiments indicate swaddled babies sleep more, have reduced levels of motor activity in response to stimulation, fewer startles and lower heart rate variability. Reports are reported on an ethological study of cradleboard use among Navajo Indians.

Intrauterine Exposure and Lactation as Pathways of Exposure to Environmental Toxins

Pathways of Exposure to environmental toxins — add to this list the bioaccumulation of toxins in breast milk and umbilical cord blood.

Pathways of Exposure at the Hunters Point Shipyard Redevelopment Project — unfortified chain link metal fence lines within feet of playgrounds, health centers and dense residential housing.

The finding of a matching profile of body burdens of heavy metals in a mother and child tested simultaneously in June of 2021 using a urinary toxicological screening raises obvious questions:

1. Was the child directly exposed to radioactive metals resulting in a body burden higher than the mothers?
2. Was the child exposed via the intrauterine route to radioactive metals that bioaccumulated resulting in a body burden of uranium higher than the mothers and five times higher than allowable for the reference population?
3. Was the child exposed during lactation to radioactive metals that bioaccumulated in the mother during a year of prolonged exposure?
4. Is the finding of uranium levels five times higher than reference range in a child with growth retardation and global developmental delays born three years after the mother relocated out of the contaminated region, the cumulative impacts of prolonged maternal/child transmission due to both intrauterine exposure and breastfeeding?

The evidence suggests a child with global developmental delays and a toxic body burden of radioactive heavy metals who never lived in the Superfund region but was breast fed by a mother with a matching exposure profile likely bioaccumulated the toxicants through breast feeding and intrauterine exposure.

The expression of environmentally linked diseases in the child includes poorly controlled inflammatory asthma and allergies triggered by chronic exposure to in-door mold, motor vehicle emissions and food allergies. Complexities in medical care are compounded by deficiencies in essential nutrients and side effects from frequent use of asthma inhalers and corticosteroids.

References

Prenatal exposure to multiple toxic heavy metals and neonatal neurobehavioral development in Shanghai, China: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21664460

Heavy metals and placental fetal-maternal barrier:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23893187/

An Overview of the National Human Exposure Assessment Survey: https://cfpub.epa.tov/si/si_public-record_report.cfm?dirEntryld=61422&Lab=NERL

Hunters Point Naval Shipyard/Superfund Site Profile/Superfund Site Information/US EPA:https://cumulus.epa.gov/supercpad/SiteProfiles/index.cfm?fuseaction=second.contams&id=0902722

San Francisco Doctor Researches Impact of Toxic Dump on Bayview Hunters Point:https://youtu.be/RF_f2nKONzA

Dr. Ahimsa P. Sumchai, Emergency Medicine Physician in San Francisco, CA/US News Doctors:https://health.usnews.com/doctors/ahimsa-sumchai-662395

Establishing Medical Necessity for Implementation of a Human Biomonitoring Program at the Hunters Point Shipyard — a federal Superfund site: https://asumchai.medium.com/establishing-medical-necessity-for-implementation-of-a-human-biomonitoring-program-at-the-hunters-ca6c04a413c5

Declaring a Public Health Crisis at the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard in San Francisco — a federal Superfund Site: https://opmed.doximity.com/articles/declaring-a-public-health-crisis-at-the-hunters-point-naval-shipyard-in-san-francisco-a-federal-superfund-site.

Welcome to the Hunters Point Community Biomonitoring Program:https://www.alignable.com/san-francisco-ca/hunters-point-community-biomonitoring-program

Sumchai A [Author] — Search Results — PubMed:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=SumchaiA[Author]

The Landfill in Our Bodies: https://sfbayview.com/2020/04/the-landfill-in-our-bodies/

Dr. Ahimsa Sumchai and the Hunters Point Shipyard — Up Close and Personal!:https://youtu.be/HwSOp6AgPuU

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Heavy Metals: How to Reduce Your Exposure & Protect Your Body: https://foodrevolution.org/blog/heavy-metals/

An Insider Tour of the Hunters Point Community Biomonitoring Program:https://sfbayview.com/2020/09/an-insider-tour-of-the-hunters-point-community-biomonitoring-program/

Renewed Call for Shipyard Excavation Moratorium — Legal Legacy of Harm to the Hunters Point Community:https://sfbayview.com/2021/01/renewed-call-for-shipyard-excavation-moratorium-the-legal-legacy-of-harm-to-the-hunters-point-community/

New Legal Challenge Revives “Huge War” Over Hunters Point’s Toxic Legacy:https:/www.sfchronicle.com/local/article/New-legal-challenge-revives-huge-war-over-16257916.php

Google Earth Link — Greenaction/UC Davis/HP Biomonitoring Parcel F Sediment Study:https://earth.app.goo.gl/zBQ4xR

The Chicken or the Egg? Community Scientists Partner with Research Institutes for $2 million in NIEH funding for Community Exposure Research:https://sfbayview.com/2009/04/the-chicken-or-the-egg/

Toxic Metals Found in Shipyard Neighbors: https://sfpublicpress.org/toxic-metals-found-in-shipyard-neighbors-but-source-still-unknown/

Bayview Residents Sound Alarm Over Potential Dust from Toxic Site: https://sfpublicpress.org/bayview-residents-sound-alarm-over-potential-dust-from-toxic-site/

The case for and against housing at Hunters Point:https://www.sfgate.com/realestate/article/housing-Hunters-Point-Shipyard-Candlestick-SF-16061718.php

Do No Harm: https://www.sfexaminer.com/features/doing-no-harm-ahimsa-sumchai/

Dr. Ahimsa Sumchai:https://westsideobserver.com/news/sumchai.html

Genova Diagnostics Nutritional Testing Brochure:https://www.gdx.net/core/patient-brochures/Nutritional-Brochure.pdf

Toxic Exposure Test/Comprehensive Urine Element Profile:https://www.gdx.net/product/comprehensive-urine-element-toxin-testing-urine

Mass Spectrometry (video) Khan Academy: https://www.khanacademy.org/science.ap-chemistry-beta/x2eef969c740d802:mass-spectrometry-of-elements/v/mass-spectrometry

She’s the Boss: The Disturbing Truth About Nancy Pelosi:https://books.google.com/books/about/She_s_the_Boss.html?id=zbAJykg_ncAC

Singing in the Rain: Hunters Point Shipyard enriches SF’s most powerful families:https://sfbayview.com/2009/04/singing-in-the-rain-hunters-point-shipyard-enriches-sfs-most-powerful-families/

Executive Order on Protecting Public Health and the Environment and Restoring Science to Tackle the Climate Crisis/The White House:https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/01/20/executive-order-protecting-public-health-and-environment-and-restoring-science-to-tackle-climate-crisis/

Apology Owed to Bayview Hunters Point Residents:https://synapse.ucsf.edu/articles/2020/11/01/apology-owed-bayview-hunters-point-residents

Mighty Acorns Grow! BVHP Environmental Justice Leaders meet with High Ranking EPA Officials:https://sfbayview.com/2021/06/mighty-acorns-grow-bvhp-environmental-justice-leaders-meet-with-high-ranking-epa-officials/

Human Biomonitoring (HBM) and Geospatial Mapping Applied to Determining Imminent and Proximate Threat to Human Safety at a Federal Superfund System: https:/ahimsaportersumchaimd.medium.com/human-biomonitoring-hbm-and-geospatial-mapping-applied-to-determining-imminent-and-proximate-de782db93e3d

Climate Justice: Radioactive and Toxic Waste, Racism and Rising Oceans-YouTube Proceeding Commonwealth Club: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LllsFKhqG88

San Francisco County, California/County Health Rankings: https://www.countyhealthrankings.org/app/california/2016/rankings/san-francisco-county/outcomes/overall/snapshot

Ahimsa Porter Sumchai MD PD — My Profile on Doximity: https://www.doximity.com/profiles/29a041bd-2f84–4433–8972-ab0e21665baa

Why I am calling for a Local Health Emergency in San Francisco: https://sfbayview.com/2021/05/why-i-am-calling-for-a-local-health-emergency-in-san-francisco/

Human Biomonitoring: State of the Art — PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17376741/

Human Bodies as Chemical Sensors: A History of Biomonitoring: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0039368118301432

Pandemonium on the Bay: https://lindseydillon.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/Dillon-Pandemonium-on-the-Bay.pdf

Health Effects Arising from the September 11 Attacks — Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_effects_arising_from_the_September_11_attacks

Air Quality Mapping Includes Hunters Point — Open Map-Clarity Movement: https://openmap.clarity.il/?viewport=37.7777502,-122.e963348,11.41z

EJScreen: Environmental Justice Screening and Mapping Tool/US EPA:https://www.epa.gov/ejscreen

Hunters Point Community Biomonitoring Program — Medical Center in San Francisco:https://hunters-point-community-biomonitoring-program.business.site/

Public Health Emergency Declarations: https://emsa.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/71/2019/03/New-EOM-Public-Health-and-Medical-Emergency-Powers-3–15–2019–002.pdf

Brain Cancer Biomonitoring in Bayview Hunters Point:https://sfbayview.com/2021/03/brain-cancer-biomonitoring-in-bayview-hunters-point/

Corruption Galore! SF Hunters Point TI Radioactive Coverup:https://youtu.be/TL0dv4Jhdl8

Swaddling, Cradleboards, and the Development of Children:https://www.researchgate.net/publications/223786421_Swaddling_Cradleboards_and_the_Development_of_Children

Doctor Discusses Research Showing High Levels of Uranium in Navajo Women and Babies:https://www.kunm.org/post/doctor-discusses-research-showing-high-levels-uranium-navajo-women-and-babies

95% of tested baby foods in the US contain toxic metals:https://fox4kc.com/news/95-of-tested-baby-foods-in-the-us-contain-toxic-metals-report-says/

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Hunters Point Shipyard Final Historical Radiological Assessment — History of the Use of General Radioactive Materials 1939–2003:https://www.bracpmo.navy.mil/content/dam/bracpmo/california/former_naval_shipyard_hunters_point/pdfs/all_documents/environmental_documents/radiological/hps_200408_HRA.pdf

Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals:https://www.nap.edu/catalog/11700/human-biomonitoring-for-environmental-chemicals